This article is based on UbiFunction's official documentation, which can be found in our Dev Center. |
Requirements
Ubidots account: trial or licensed
At least one UbiFunction already created (NOTE: if you don’t have one yet, follow this article first)
1. Introduction
MQTT + UbiFunctions allows you to publish data through an UbiFunction created in your account and make possible to integrate devices that transmit over this protocol but send JSON payload whose format is not compatible with our native MQTT broker or HTTP Data Ingestion API, or simply if additional data processing is required prior to being sent to Ubidots.
As UbiFunctions acts as a middleware here, only the MQTT Publish method is accepted. Accordingly, all subscriptions messages will be rejected.
Following are the MQTT settings needed to invoke an UbiFunction over the MQTT protocol:
MQTT Settinigs | Value |
Host |
Also found in some MQTT clients as:
|
Port | 1883 for plain MQTT. |
Topic |
|
Username | Your account username |
Password | Valid Token from your Ubidots account. |
ClientID | Any random string. Preferably longer than 15 characters |
Protocol | tcp
Note: Some MQTT clients offer the possibility to connect using websockets (shown as "ws://" or "wss://"), this is not supported. |
2. Topic structure
To trigger an UbiFunction through MQTT, the publication topic must follow the structure:
/prv/<username>/<function-label>, where,
<username>: Your Ubidots account username.<function-label>: Name of the UbiFunction but all lowercase and spaces replaced by dashes.
The base topic corresponds to the UbiFunction HTTPS Endpoint URL's path, as seen in the image below:
Advanced: Topics support additional levels, separated by forward slash ("/"), beyond the ones used to identify the UbiFunction within the account. The structure is:
/prv/<username>/<function-label>/<level-1>/···/<level-N>, where
<level-N>is any additional UTF-8 encoded string that you want to add to the topic
Topics have the below limitations:
Length: 1500 characters
Levels: 10
3. UbiFunction arguments
When triggering an UbiFunction through the MQTT protocol, you'll receive a JSON object in the args variable of the main function. The JSON will have this structure:
{
"topic": "<topic>",
"payload": "<payload>",
"from_client_id": "<client_id>",
}
Where the keys correspond as follows:
Key | Type | Value description |
topic | String | The multilevel publication topic |
payload | String | The payload sent by the device in the publication message. |
from_client_id | String | The client ID used in the MQTT connection. |
4. TLS Certificates
Ubidots supports SSL V1.1, TLS V1.2 and V1.3. You can download our root certificates in different formats:
5. Examples
Port 1883:
mosquitto_pub \
-p 1883 \
-h functions.ubidots.com \
-t "/prv/<username>/<function-name>" \
-m '{"token": "TOKEN", "device": "device-label", "variable-label": value}' \
-u "<username>" \
-P "TOKEN" \
-q 1 -d
Port 8883:
mosquitto_pub \
-p 8883 \
-h functions.ubidots.com \
-t "/prv/<username>/<function-name>" \
-m '{"token": "TOKEN", "device": "device-label", "variable-label": value}' \
-u "<username>" \
-P "TOKEN" \
-q 1 -d \
--cafile /Users/user/Documents/Ubidots/roots.pem